NARRATIVE

Social Function (Narrative):

To amuse, entertain and to deal with actual or various experience in different ways; Narratives deal with problematic events which lead to a crisis or turning point of some kind, which in turn finds 2 resolution.

 

 Generic Structure (Narrative):

• Orientation: sees the scene and introduces the participants.
• Evaluation: a stepping back to evaluate the plight.
• Complication: a crisis arises.
• Resolution: the crisis is resolved, for better or for worse.
• Re-orientation: (optional)
• Coda: (optional) 

 language features (Narrative) / ciri-ciri kebahasaan :

 

* biasanya diawali dengan keterangan waktu sebagai berikut.
once upon a time, once, one day, one afternoon dan lain-lain. keterangn waktunya tidak menyatkan waktu tertentu (specific time)

* specific participant
tokoh yang ada dalam cerita adalah bersifat tertentu, tidak bersifat umum
misalnya : cinderella, the king, the farmer, jack

* penggunaan adjective (kata sifat) untuk memperjelas noun (kata benda)
misalnya digunakan untuk ungkapan berikut : a beautiful lady, an old man, a poor widow dll.

* memakai pola kalimat simpale past tense
pol kalimat yang digunakan adalah simple past karena menceritakan peristiwa yang terjadi diwaktu lampau. namun tidak menutup kemungkinan menggunakan bentuk tense lain misalnya simple present yang dipakai pada kalimat langsung.

* time conjunction / penghububg waktu
untuk menghubungkan alur satu dengan yang lain menjadi runut dan mudah diikuti.
conjunction yang sering dipakai adalah : when, then, suddenly, next dll.

* action verbs
terdapat kata kerja yang menunjukkan sebuah kegiatan (aktifitasnya bisa dilihat) misalnya : run, sleep, walk, cut dll.

* direct and indirect speech / kalimat langsung dan tak langsung
untuk membuat cerita terasa lebih hidup, digunakan pola kalimat ini agar terlihat ungkapan pembicaranya (to show the real word of speaker).

 

EXAMPLE (Narrative): 

 

 The Legend of Karimunjava Island

once upon a time in muria mountain, there lived the family of sunan muria. amir hasan or called as sunan nyamplungan is the son of sunan muria.

he was very spoiled by his mother. because of that, he became a naughty boy.

then his father, sunan muria asked him to study in kudus. he studied islamic religion to his uncle, sunan kudus. after some time, he became an obedient young man. sunan muria was very proud of him.

one day, sunan muria asked amir hasan to go to somewhere to spread islamic religion. his father asked him to go to an island that could be seen from muria mountain. it was on the west - north of jepara. this island seemed to be fade (kremun-kremun in javanese). and from that time, people called the island as karimunjava island.
amir hasan followed by his mate went to karimunjava island. they sailed to the island day and night and finally they reached the island. then they did what his father said. amir hasan and his people lived in the island ever after